VICTOR TALKING MACHINE

First marketed 1901 by Eldridge Johnson Johnson stuck with Gramophone parts when Berliner forced to halt production, decides to sell own player: Victor Berliner with patents and Johnson with improvements merge upon court's approval Johnson develops system of recording on wax instead of zinc Recording in wax eliminated "tinny" sound from recordings made in zinc, improving sound Johnson did not patent recording process (due to fears of copyright infringement with both gramophone and graphophone), so former employee Joseph Jones applied for and was granted patent Spring motor Still used external horn (internal horn would be devised in 1905 and known as Victrola)